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Keeping America Healthy: ARS's Human Nutrition Centers 

USDA’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS) is conducting ground-breaking research on human nutrition, paving the way for Americans to lead healthier lives while reducing the risk of diseases. Our research supports human health at all stages of life by better understanding relationships between nutrient intake, eating patterns, exercise, health conditions disease prevention, and how nutrition promotes health. ARS has six human nutrition research centers in Maryland, North Dakota, Massachusetts, Texas, Arkansas, and California. Our research on human nutrition gives Americans the tools and knowledge to make science-backed decisions for taking care of their bodies. 

W.O. Atwater

Human nutrition research as we know it has its origins in the work of ARS chemist Wilbur Olin Atwater (1844-1907). Dr. Atwater developed a system of assigning a calorie value to each gram of protein, fat, and carbohydrate found in foods. These calorie values were known as the “Atwater Factors” and pioneered the Nutrition Facts label that can be found on food containers today. Fast forward over 100 years, and ARS today provides Americans with research findings that they can use to stay healthy and happy. We even have a web-based App known as FoodData Central, which enables users to see the nutrient breakdown of thousands of food products.

ARS scientists support human health at all stages of life by conducting research to better understand relationships between nutrient intake, eating patterns, and health conditions and how nutrition promotes health. 
 


 

ARS’s Nutritional Research Centers

Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center

The Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center is the oldest and most comprehensive of the six human nutrition research centers within the Agricultural Research Service and the home of the first human nutrition research conducted by USDA and W.O. Atwater in the late 1890's. Its current program spans the human nutrition and health continuum, from investigating the role of nutrients and food components at the cellular level, to examining the impact of dietary interventions on health in animal and human research, to conducting mission critical surveys to find out what people are eating while supporting an expanded understanding of what's in food.

Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center

The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center was established in 1963 and is  located in Grand Forks, North Dakota. The Center is staffed by 12 senior scientists and 60 support personnel with the mission to study the roles of foods, food factors, agriculture practices and physical activity on human health, obesity prevention, and maintenance of healthy body weight. The Center also has partnerships with Native American communities and tribal colleges to address obesity, diabetes, and heart disease in high need, under-served communities.

Western Human Nutrition Research Center

The Western Human Nutrition Research Center was established at the Presidio of San Francisco in 1980, taking over the U.S. Army Medical Nutrition Research Laboratory. The WHNRC now occupies a new location in Davis, CA with a Metabolic Kitchen that is among the best in the world and supports controlled human feeding studies including nutritional status assessment and biochemistry, body composition analysis, food intake behavior, and whole body calorimetry.

Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center

The Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center in Little Rock, AR is one of two National human nutrition centers focusing primarily on pediatric/maternal nutrition and metabolic health. The ARS Microbiome and Metabolism Research Unit is co-located at Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center where it conducts innovative research, training, and engagement to advance understanding of how parental-child diet, nutrition, and physical activity optimize development with a goal of enhancing parental and child health through the science of food, nutrition, and physical activity.

Children's Nutrition Research Center

The Children's Nutrition Research Center in Houston, TX was established in 1978 through the cooperation of the Agricultural Research Service,  Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital. The mission of the CNRC is to define the dietary needs that will assure health in pregnant and lactating women and in children from conception through adolescence.

Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging

The Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging is run by a cooperative agreement between the USDA and Tufts University. Its mission is to promote healthy and active aging based on research focused on nutrition and physical activity choices that encourage vitality. The HNRCA has made significant contributions to U.S. and international nutritional and physical activity recommendations, public policy, and clinical healthcare.

A nutrition study participant eating a meal

Participate in a Research Study

Are you near one of our nutrition centers? Would you like to join a human nutrition study? Check out these current studies.

The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center is looking for participants to join our nutrition studies.
 

Western Human Nutrition Research Center needs volunteers:

Diet Quality and Body Weight Intervention Study (DGA4ME)

Fiber Intervention Study

Other Nutrition Studies

Hungry for the Latest Nutrition Research?

Cooking with Science: Ancient Grains

Chef Eric McCoy demonstrates how to make a delicious healthy farro and pomegranate salad. He is joined by ARS experts, Drs. Liu and Baer who discuss the versatility, and science behind ancient grains including some that are gluten-free. Check out the video and recipe. 

 

 

 


 

Nutrition Tips and Research

'Activated Foods' and Quality of Life

Scientists use crops to create foods with health-promoting properties.

Eating Right Key to Avoiding Diseases?

Project examines the role of prebiotics in healthy gut microbiota.

Enlisting Fiber in the Fight Against AMR

Healthy diets that are diverse and high in fiber can result in lower antimicrobial resistance.

Giving Tortilla Chips a Vitamin E Boost

Study reveals vitamin E can be successfully added to frying oil and fried foods, like tortilla chips.

How Do You Make Yogurt Healthier?

ARS scientists studied the potential benefits of a yogurt fortified with heart healthy chickpea flour.

Popcorn: A Healthy, Whole Grain Snack

Popcorn is a popular snack and can be a healthy, whole grain choice for omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans.

Precision Nutrition for Military Families

ARS-funded research helped to empower military families with nutritional knowledge.

Benefits of Fermented Cucumbers

Scientists have identified in fermented cucumbers, peptides known to have anti-hypertensive properties.

Take a Journey Into the Gut Microbiome

ARS research shows that eating nuts can change the microbiota that live inside our intestines.

Microbe Turns Bread into Useful Compound

ARS scientists found a way to make a valuable compound from bread waste.

Secret to Happiness May Be in Your Garden

Researchers find eating vegetables improves emotional wellbeing.

The Health Benefits of Fermented Vegetables

Researchers are studying to what extent fermented vegetables may enhance human health.

Send Your Isoflavones Over

Thanks to major clover-centric breakthroughs, we’ve found yet another reason to love clover.

More on the Menu

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans can be adapted for vegetarians and vegans.

Balancing Carbs & Fat Can Prevent Diseases

Study finds eating a high level of carbohydrates regulates a gene in the body that can reduce your risk of obesity and other metabolic diseases.

Special Nutrition Needs


 

Can a Vitamin Improve the Quality of Life?

Studies suggest increasing vitamin K may help muscles, bones, memory, and more.

Can We Slow Age-Related Decline?

Researchers are examining the roles of physical activity and diet in slowing or reversing the age-related effects of sarcopenia.

D and K May Lower Risk of Dementia

Research found that the consumption of vitamins D and K can lower the risk of neurodegenerative disorders.

Fight Osteoporosis: Bone Up on B12

Study suggests adequate vitamin B12 intake is important for maintaining bone mineral density.

Food Discoveries for Brain Fitness

Studies show that eating a healthful diet over a lifetime can improve the condition of the brain as people reach their twilight years.

Healthy Gut Increases Muscle Strength

Research suggests a role between the gut microbiome and maintenance of muscle strength with advancing age.

Making Spinach with Low Oxalate Levels

Scientists identified 8 spinach varieties that have low oxalate levels, which is sometimes linked to better health.

Muscle Up to Protein Every Day

ARS researchers explore how regular protein consumption can ward off disability in older adults.

 

MyPlate: Good for Your Bones

Consuming balanced each of the food groups as recommended in MyPlate helps you build and maintain healthy bones.

Of Mice and Men

Scientists study the role of gut microbes on muscle mass and strength in both mice and older adult humans.

Research May Slow Onset of Alzheimer’s

An ARS-funded study suggests that diets high in flavonoids may protect cognitive health. 

Strength Training and Muscle Loss

Resistance or "strength" training has been shown to be a safe and effective method of reversing sarcopenia, or muscle loss, in the elderly.

Walking to Better Health

People in their 70s and 80s can improve their mobility and function by walking 30 minutes a day.

Zinc Eases Pneumonia in Elderly

Study finds that elderly participants with normal blood zinc concentrations were about 50% less likely to develop pneumonia.

A Baby's Personality and Weight

An ARS study shows that infants who display less joy while eating tend to gain more weight than infants who smile, giggle, and babble more.

Are The Effects of Obesity Generational?

Being overweight may predispose mothers to pass health challenges to their children.

From Obesity To Strong Bones

ARS-funded research delves into the critical connection between childhood obesity and bone health.

Here’s Lookin’ At You, Kid

New scanner can monitor children’s fruit and vegetable intake.

Moms May Give Vaccines a Boost

Breastfeeding can influence development of the infant immune system.

Nutrition of a Preterm Infant

ARS-funded researchers are studying the role of nutrition in reducing health risks for preterm infants.

Overnutrition May Lead to Issues Later

Overnutrition during infancy could lead to future health problems, including type 2 diabetes.

'Programming' Babies for Better Health?

The content of oligosaccharides differ in milk produced by women with normal weight, overweight, or obesity.

Drinking Tea Lowers Cholesterol

Drinking tea lowered low-density lipoprotein, the LDL "bad" cholesterol, in a small group of volunteers.

Eating Beans Helps Lower Cholesterol

Whole, cooked beans are low in fat and provide high-quality protein as well as vitamins, minerals and polyphenols. 

Fatty Acids and Mortality

ARS scientists led two dietary projects to determine the effects of fatty acids on heart health. 

Healthy Plant Sterols: A Daily "Drip" is Best

"Bad" cholesterol is lowered most when plant sterols are consumed in small amounts throughout the day vs one large amount.

Black Beans Help Fix Insulin Resistance

Adding cooked black beans to a high-fat diet improved sensitivity to insulin in obese mice. 

Cinnamon Spices Up Insulin Sensitivity

Compounds in cinnamon may one day be key natural ingredients in new products aimed at lowering blood sugar levels. 

Peppers May Help Lower Blood Sugar

A recently discovered compound in peppers may help counter the adverse effects of some diabetes medications.

Stevia Makes a Gutsy Comeback

Popular sweetener stevia found to have no negative effect on human gut health.

Sucromalt: A Low Glycemic Sweetener

ARS researchers develop a low-glycemic sweetener for diabetics.

ARS Fights To Reduce Peanut Allergies

ARS is at the forefront of cutting-edge research to improve quality of life for people with peanut allergy.

Have Your Cake and Eat It Too

ARS scientists are looking to alternative grains as a key to making foods both healthy and tasty.

Sorghum Enhances Gluten-Free Bread

Sorghum bran, a byproduct of sorghum milling, can enhance gluten-free bread's nutritional value without compromising its flavor.

Sunbutter: Peanut Butter Alternative

Sunbutter, developed by ARS, contains sunflower seeds as its main ingredient. 

Are the Effects of Obesity Generational?

Being overweight may predispose mothers to pass health challenges to their children.

Eating Late? Watch For Excess Calories

ARS researchers investigate whether late evening eating leads to higher energy intake.

Reducing Risk of Summer Weight Gain

Researchers found that children who were overweight or obese gained more weight during the summer than during the school year.

Stress and Diet Influence Health

ARS researchers are studying the relationships between psychological stress, diet, and health outcomes.

Taste Perception Can Influence Diet

Research found that taste perception could influence diet quality.

Addressing Iron and Zinc Deficiency

Deficiencies of iron and zinc are major causes of early childhood morbidity and mortality, primarily in developing countries.

Get More Iron and Flavor Out of Your Beans

Manteca yellow bean is more digestible, provides more iron bioavailability and boils faster.

Testing the Fortitude of Iron in Cereals

ARS scientists evaluated the bioavailability of "elemental iron powders" commonly used in products such as ready-to-eat cereals.

Find the Nutritional Content of (almost) Any Foods with FoodData Central 

In 2019, ARS released an integrated food and nutrient data system that provides online access to nutrient profile information about a wide variety of foods and food products.

FoodData Central contains—in one place—USDA data for five distinct types of food and nutrient composition data including "Foundation Foods" which provides expanded nutrient information and extensive underlying metadata that will help users understand the variability in the nutrient values of foods. And "Experimental Foods" with links to data about foods produced by agricultural researchers that will allow users to see for themselves how factors such as climate, soils and agricultural practices can affect a food's nutritional profile.

FoodData Central provides links to relevant agricultural research data from multiple sources, enhances the transparency about the sources of nutrition information, provides data that is based on the latest scientific research, and is representative of the marketplace.

USDA Nutrition Resources

Nutrition.gov is powered by USDA science and offers credible information to help you make healthy eating choices

MyPlate replaced the USDA's Food Guide Pyramid. With the advancement of technology, MyPlate provides a personalized  approach to healthy eating to meet your dietary needs, preferences, budget and cultural traditions.

The USDA's Food and Nutrition Service leverages 16 nutrition programs to ensure children, seniors, Native Americas and income eligible individuals and families have access to healthy, affordable foods.